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| polyunsaturates, nerve, fat girls porn , obesity, tooth, omega 3fatty acid, allergy, fatty tumors in dogs , biology, dress up fatty , natural, february 11, acyl, complementary alternative medicine, trout, food safety, polyunsaturatedfatty acid, | D L-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Oxidation hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase The "O-H" is oxidized to "=O" E Ketoacyl-CoA Thiolysis + CoA-S-H thiolase 16-carbon fatty acid shortened to a 14- plump xxx plus a 2-. F plump xxx + This 14-carbon fatty acyl-CoA can be further shortened by repeating the above process. The 2- carbon unit can be used for energy production How do enzymes work? Figure 1 Enzymes are proteins in the body that help make chemical reactions go. Enzymes have "binding sites" for the chemicals they interact plump xxx with. In this illustration, the first chemical reaction of fatty acid oxidation is shown. The enzyme has one binding site for a fatty acid and another for a chemical called coenzyme A (CoA). These binding sites are very specific; fatty acid and CoA fit into them like keys in locks. By bringing these two chemical compounds close to each other, the enzyme allows them to bond together, forming a new chemical called fatty acyl-CoA. |
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| There is a delicate balance between having enough fatty acid around and having too much. The body normally has finely tuned mechanisms for maintaining this balance. When the balance is shifted, disease often polyunsaturates results. VLCFA's What do we know about them? 1) Are polyunsaturates they normally present in the polyunsaturates body? YES! 2) What is their function? They are part of brain membranes, including myelin, the "insulation" around nerve fibers. 3) Where do they come from? - Dietary sources - Elongation of shorter fatty acids in the body 4) What could cause the increase levels of VLCFA in ALD/AMN? - Body makes too much - Body doesn't remove excess amounts 5) Which of these possibilities is correct? Studies with patient volunteers and in cells in the laboratory have shown that the process that normally breaks down or oxidizes VLCFA's is defective in ALD/AMN. How does the body normally oxidize fatty acids? Through a series of chemical reactions, the body shortens fatty acids by removing two carbons at a time: Fatty acid beta-oxidation A Fatty acid (chemically, not very reactive) Coenzyme A ("helper" chemical) + CoA-S-H fatty acyl-CoA synthetase B Acyl-CoA ("activated fatty acid) Oxidation acyl-CoA oxidase "Double bond" is inserted C Enoyl-CoA Hydration + H-O-H enoyl-CoA hydratase Water reacts with the double bond |
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