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trans fat, queen fat bottom girls , health and nutrition, r8133, functional foods, fatty sparing , stub, flax seed, subject area: dyslexia, plump fiction , fat fatty , cardiovascular system, aliphatic, | For example, natural butter is 5% clinical depression trans fat. (return to contents) III. THE CHEMISTRY OF ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS The human body can manufacture most of the fats it needs, including cholesterol, saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. But clinical depression there are two fatty acids which cannot be manufactured in the body, clinical depression and which must be obtained from dietary sources: linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid. These are the essential fatty acids. Linoleic acid is an 18-carbon chain with 2 double-bonds, whereas alpha-linolenic acid is an 18-carbon chain with 3 double-bonds. The position of double-bonds in a fatty acid is critical to function, and this is especially true of double-bonds close to the methyl end. For long-chain fatty acids, the body's enzymes cannot add double-bonds near the methyl end. |
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It is the cis configuration of unsaturated fatty acids that prevents tight packing of fatty acids in membranes, and hence increases membrane fluidity. Saturated fats (like butter or lard) and fatty acids with trans double-bonds (like margarine) tend to be solids at room temperature, whereas natural fatty acids with cis double-bonds (like vegetable oils) tend to be liquids. aliphatic By artificially hydrogenating vegetable oils, the food aliphatic processing industry reduces the number of double bonds and causes the formation of trans fatty acids. Hydrogenation results in margarines that are more solid and aliphatic results in peanut butter that does not have an oil that separates. But when trans fatty acids are incorporated into cell membranes, the membrane fluidity is reduced and the cells do not function as well. Not all trans fatty acids in the diet are due to food processing. |
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