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Although both diets lowered total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, the high-MUFA diet did not lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol or increase triglycerides, as did the low-fat/carbohydrate-rich diet. The low-fat/carbohydrate-rich diet lowered HDL cholesterol by 14% to 22% and markedly elevated triglycerides (22% to 39%). Since these pioneering studies, a number of subsequent studies have reported similar results.6 25 26 More 1992 recently, the DELTA (Dietary Effects on Lipoproteins and Thrombogenic Activity) Study reported that a Step 1 diet (29% of energy from fat, 8% from SFA, and 292 mg of cholesterol 1992 per day) and 1992 a high-MUFA diet low in SFA and cholesterol (36% of energy from fat, 21% from MUFA, 9% from SFA, and 293 mg of cholesterol per day) both lowered total and LDL cholesterol levels by 5.5% and 7%, respectively, compared with an average American diet (AAD) in subjects with a low HDL cholesterol level (<25th percentile), moderately elevated triglycerides (>70th percentile), or elevated insulin levels (>70th percentile).7
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