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Ketogenesis takes place primarily in the liver oily fish and may by affected by oily fish several factors: 1. Control in the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue directly affects the level of ketogenesis in the liver. This is, oily fish of course, substrate-level regulation. 2. Once fats enter the liver, they have two distinct fates. They may be activated to acyl-CoAs and oxidized, or esterified to glycerol in the production of triacylglycerols. If the liver has sufficient supplies of glycerol-3-phosphate, most of the fats will be turned to the production of triacylglycerols. 3. The generation of acetyl-CoA by oxidation of fats can be completely oxidized in the TCA cycle. Therefore, if the demand for ATP is high the fate of acetyl-CoA is likely to be further oxidation to CO2. 4. The level of fat oxidation is regulated hormonally through phosphorylation of ACC, which may activate it (in response to glucagon) or inhibit it (in the case of insulin).
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