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| anxiety and panic, 1984, arachidonic acid, cataracts, muscle, omega 3, polyunsaturated fats, lauric acid, monounsaturated fats, acetyl coenzyme a, fatty acid uptake, adrenal, gingko biloba, arthritis, meal, bobby plump , selenium, cholesterol, sugar, unsaturation, essential fatty acids in human, acetic acid, food allergies, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids , | The difference between the effect of trans linolenic fat and that of saturated fat on the LDL/HDL ratio was significant in each of linolenic the six studies that allowed a direct comparison. The corresponding P values were: <0.0001,3 <0.001,7 <0.001,8 <0.009,9 <0.01,10 <0.05.14 Thus, the probability that these results were due to chance is vanishingly low; taken together, these studies provide definitive evidence that trans fats raise the LDL/HDL ratio more than saturated fats. Moreover, these effects of trans fat on the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio are remarkably constant across studies. The only somewhat discordant linolenic result was obtained by Sundram et al. among 27 men and women who were staff of the Palm Oil Research Institute in Malaysia.14 |
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| or oleic (2.02) diets. These findings were soon confirmed in several investigations, including the study by Lichtenstein et al. that appears in this issue of monounsaturated fats the Journal, using lower levels of trans fatty acids and different mixtures of trans isomers.7-10 Figure 1 summarizes the randomized trials that allow a direct comparison of trans fatty acids with isocaloric amounts monounsaturated fats of cis unsaturated fat;3, 7-15 also included is the study of Aro et al.13 that used stearic (which is usually said monounsaturated fats to have a neutral effect on blood lipids) rather than oleic acid as the control diet. Overall, trans fatty acids increased LDL cholesterol similarly to saturated fat, but, unlike saturated fat, they also decreased HDL cholesterol. As a result, the net effect of trans fat on the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio is approximately double that of saturated fat. |
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